ALÉM DAS MÉTRICAS DE SINERGIA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DOS RESULTADOS DE INOVAÇÃO NO NÍVEL DA EMPRESA EM ARRANJOS COLABORATIVOS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n6-039Resumo
Na literatura de Tríplice Hélice (TH), a mensuração avançou em métricas de interação e sinergia em níveis macro/meso, mas permanece limitada quanto a explicar como essas relações se conectam, no nível da empresa, a outcomes (resultados pós-implementação) de inovação capturados na comercialização e difusão. Diante dessa lacuna, este artigo objetiva analisar como mensurar outcomes de inovação em empresas participantes de arranjos colaborativos, extraindo lições para contextos universidade-indústria-governo. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão sistemática em 5.155 registros nas bases Web of Science e Scopus. Os achados indicam predominância de indicadores econômico-financeiros e operacionais, com atenção reduzida a medidas de adoção/uso, a intangíveis e a defasagens temporais. Metodologicamente, prevalecem delineamentos transversais e estimações econométricas com mediação; agentes externos são, em geral, operacionalizados como efeitos individualizados, o que dificulta representar a sinergia trilateral típica da TH. O estudo contribui ao explicitar que sinergia sistêmica não é automaticamente convertível em outcomes empresariais, ao organizar um repertório de indicadores e desenhos de mensuração (mediação, comparação e defasagens) e ao delinear uma agenda de pesquisa para trilateralidade, intangíveis e dinâmica temporal. Implicações práticas incluem painéis enxutos que combinem métricas financeiras, comparações, sinais de adoção e intangíveis para evidenciar a adicionalidade associada à colaboração.
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