A IMPORTÂNCIA DO MODELO DE PARCERIA NA ACELERAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA DE REPLANTIO DE PEQUENOS PRODUTORES DE PALMA DE ÓLEO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n1-128Palavras-chave:
Palma de Óleo, Pequenos Produtores, Programa de Replantio, Modelo de Parceria, RSLResumo
O dendê (palma de óleo) é uma commodity estratégica para a economia da Indonésia, com os pequenos produtores cultivando mais de 40% da área nacional de plantações. No entanto, o envelhecimento das plantações — com mais de 30% ultrapassando 25 anos — torna necessários esforços de replantio em larga escala. Apesar do apoio governamental por meio do programa Peremajaan Sawit Rakyat (PSR), a implementação permanece aquém do ideal devido a barreiras estruturais enfrentadas pelos pequenos produtores, incluindo acesso limitado a financiamento, mudas certificadas, assistência técnica e mercados confiáveis. Enfrentar essas restrições exige modelos de parceria eficazes que integrem os diferentes atores ao longo da cadeia de valor do óleo de palma. Este estudo tem como objetivo explorar como os modelos de parceria facilitam a participação e o sucesso dos pequenos produtores em programas nacionais de replantio de palma de óleo, ao superar limitações estruturais. Utilizando a abordagem de Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL), esta pesquisa qualitativa analisa 28 artigos científicos revisados por pares, publicados entre 2019 e 2025. Os dados foram coletados em bases acadêmicas por meio de buscas com palavras-chave e protocolos de triagem PRISMA. A análise temática foi empregada para categorizar os tipos de parceria, os principais atores, os mecanismos operacionais e os resultados reportados. Os resultados indicam que modelos de parceria inclusivos e híbridos, que combinam o engajamento do setor privado com o apoio público, alcançam maior sucesso na melhoria do acesso a recursos financeiros, materiais de plantio certificados e serviços de extensão rural. Além disso, uma forte coordenação institucional e mecanismos de construção de confiança aumentam as taxas de adoção e a sustentabilidade dos programas. A revisão destaca a necessidade de uma colaboração adaptativa e multissetorial, ajustada aos contextos locais. Conclui-se que os modelos de parceria são fundamentais para acelerar o sucesso do replantio de palma de óleo por pequenos produtores. Pesquisas futuras devem se concentrar em estudos longitudinais e avaliações comparativas de políticas para aprofundar a compreensão sobre a escalabilidade dos modelos e seus impactos de longo prazo.
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