PLANO DE DRENAGEM URBANO: UMA REVISÃO DE ESCOPO SOBRE A ARTICULAÇÃO ENTRE ASPECTOS TÉCNICOS, NORMATIVOS E CULTURAIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n2-030Palavras-chave:
Drenagem Urbana, Governança, Cultura Institucional, ResiliênciaResumo
O crescimento urbano desordenado, a impermeabilização do solo e a intensificação dos eventos hidrológicos extremos ampliam os desafios para a gestão das águas pluviais nas cidades. Este estudo realizou uma revisão de escopo para mapear as evidências científicas e lacunas técnicas, normativas e culturais sobre a formulação, atualização e avaliação de planos municipais de drenagem urbana, identificando como esses eixos se articulam ou tensionam na prática do planejamento. A pesquisa foi conduzida nas bases Web of Science e Scopus, utilizando o modelo PCC (Participante, Conceito e Contexto), com análise bibliométrica e de conteúdo. Nos resultados, identificou-se uma predominância de abordagens técnico-instrumentais, centradas em modelagens hidráulico-hidrológicas e métodos quantitativos, com menor atenção às dimensões normativas e culturais. Observou-se que, embora haja avanços em metodologias de apoio à decisão e integração de escalas, persistiu um desalinhamento entre o avanço técnico e a maturidade organizacional necessária para incorporar tais inovações. A revisão identificou quatro vetores de avanço (institucionalização de métodos multicritério, integração multiescalar, fortalecimento da coordenação intersetorial e desenvolvimento de métricas institucionais), e três gargalos estruturais (fragmentação normativa, restrições orçamentárias e culturas técnicas resistentes à aprendizagem). Concluiu-se que a elaboração de planos de drenagem depende não apenas da sofisticação técnica, mas da capacidade de articulação entre saber técnico, mecanismos legais e cultura institucional.
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