METHANE AND NITROUS OXIDE FLUXES ACROSS LAND-USE TYPES IN WESTERN PARÁ: MICROCLIMATIC AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL CONTROLS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n2-019Keywords:
Trace Gases, Land Use, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, AmazonAbstract
Land-use change in the Amazon profoundly alters the biogeochemical controls that regulate methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) fluxes between the soil and the atmosphere. This study quantified CH₄ and N₂O fluxes across four land-cover types - forest, secondary vegetation (capoeira), pasture, and agriculture (soybean under no-till and conventional tillage) - in micro catchments located in the municipalities of Santarém and Belterra, western of Pará State. Gas measurements were conducted using manual static chambers installed along 300-m transects, accompanied by environmental variables such as air and soil temperature, gravimetric soil moisture, and WFPS. Results showed that secondary vegetation areas exhibited lower temperatures and greater microclimatic stability, reflecting reduced emissions and enhanced CH₄ oxidation potential. In contrast, agricultural and pasture areas displayed greater thermal variability and higher N₂O and CH₄ fluxes, particularly during soybean harvest, a period marked by the accumulation of plant residues and intensified microbial activity. The highest N₂O emissions were associated with post-disturbance pulses and specific phenological stages of the crop. These findings demonstrate that forest conversion alters the ecological function of soils, shifting environments that originally acted as CH₄ sinks into potential sources of trace gases. The study contributes to a broader understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of CH₄ and N₂O fluxes in Amazonian agroecosystems and provides insights for management strategies aimed at mitigating emissions in tropical agricultural systems.
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