ANTI-RABIES VACCINATION IN DOGS AND CATS AS A PUBLIC HEALTH STRATEGY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF JUAZEIRO (BA), 2025

Abstract

Rabies remains a significant public health problem, requiring continuous surveillance and prevention efforts. This study analyzed the dynamics of the Animal Anti-Rabies Vaccination Campaign in the municipality of Juazeiro (BA), in 2025, focusing on spatio-temporal and operational patterns. This is an ecological study, based on data from Epidemiological Surveillance, analyzed using descriptive statistics and negative binomial models. From an estimated animal population of 23,638 individuals, 18,904 animals were vaccinated (13,698 dogs and 5,206 cats), considering campaign actions and routine vaccination, achieving an annual coverage of approximately 80%. For analytical purposes, only campaign records were used, corresponding to 152 records distributed across 88 locations, during epidemiological weeks 34 to 40. A progressive reduction in vaccinations was observed throughout the period, with a higher concentration of records in the urban area. Statistical models confirmed a significant association between the advancement of epidemiological weeks and the reduction in vaccine counts, as well as a higher vaccination volume in urban areas. Operational variables did not show a consistent effect after adjustment. The findings highlight territorial heterogeneity in the execution of the campaign, indicating a strong influence of spatial factors on the dynamics of vaccination. From a One Health perspective, the results reinforce the need for more territorially focused strategies, strengthening mobile actions in rural areas, aiming for greater equity and effectiveness in rabies control.