EVIDENCIA CLÍNICA Y BENEFICIOS DE LA OZONOTERAPIA EN LA PRÁCTICA MÉDICA: UNA REVISIÓN CRÍTICA CENTRADA EN LA REPARACIÓN TISULAR, LA MODULACIÓN INFLAMATORIA Y LAS APLICACIONES ESTÉTICAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n5-140Palabras clave:
Ozonoterapia, Cicatrización de Heridas, Modulación Inflamatoria, Estética Médica, Reparación Tisular, Seguridad ClínicaResumen
La literatura científica ha acumulado evidencias sustanciales sobre las aplicaciones médicas de la ozonoterapia, con especial énfasis en la cicatrización de heridas crónicas, el manejo del dolor musculoesquelético y los enfoques estéticos y posquirúrgicos. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión crítica y narrativa de la evidencia sobre la eficacia y seguridad de la ozonoterapia en medicina, con énfasis en la reparación tisular, la modulación inflamatoria y las aplicaciones estéticas. La metodología consistió en una búsqueda semántica en las bases de datos PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Semantic Scholar y OpenAlex, con análisis de 80 estudios clínicos de diseños variados, incluyendo ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis y estudios observacionales, publicados entre 1998 y 2025. Los resultados evidencian que la ozonoterapia acelera significativamente la cicatrización, con reducciones de hasta 66,54% en el área de úlceras crónicas, y disminuye en un 54% el riesgo relativo de amputaciones mayores en el pie diabético (RR = 0,46). En el manejo de la osteoartritis de rodilla, revisiones sistemáticas y ensayos clínicos aleatorizados demuestran reducciones significativas del dolor y mejoras funcionales comparables o superiores al ácido hialurónico. En aplicaciones estéticas, el tratamiento induce lipólisis y promueve reducciones de hasta 23,5% en la grasa abdominal combinado con otras tecnologías. El perfil de seguridad es altamente favorable, con una tasa de eventos adversos de solo 2,43% en grandes cohortes. Se concluye que la ozonoterapia constituye una intervención complementaria clínicamente relevante, eficaz y segura.
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