MANEJO INTEGRAL DE COMPONENTES TECNOLÓGICOS NA CRIAÇÃO DE BEZERRAS: UM GUIA PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE DA PECUÁRIA LEITEIRA FAMILIAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n3-120Palavras-chave:
Criação de Bezerras, Pecuária Leiteira Familiar, Sustentabilidade, Economia Rural, Tecnologia AdaptadaResumo
O manual aborda o manejo integral de bezerras em sistemas de pecuária leiteira familiar, destacando a importância de uma criação adequada para garantir a sustentabilidade, a eficiência produtiva e o bem-estar animal. Enfatiza-se o papel da alimentação, do manejo sanitário, do alojamento e da seleção genética como pilares para o desenvolvimento de fêmeas de reposição. A obra ressalta que uma criação deficiente afeta a longevidade, a produtividade e a reprodução do rebanho. Recomenda-se uma abordagem tecnológica adaptada às condições socioeconômicas de cada produtor, com práticas de baixo custo, mas de alto impacto na saúde e no crescimento das crias.
Downloads
Referências
Arthur, G. H., Noakes, D. E., Pearson, H., & Parkinson, T. J. (2001). Veterinary reproduction and obstetrics (8th ed.). Saunders.
Bagley, C. P. (1993). Nutritional management of replacement heifers. Journal of Animal Science, 71(11), 3155–3163.
Bath, D. L., Dickinson, F. N., Tucker, H. A., & Appleman, R. D. (1986). Dairy cattle: Principles, practices, problems, profits (3rd ed.). Lea & Febiger.
Cassell, B. G. (2009). Using phenotype and genotype in dairy cattle selection. Journal of Dairy Science, 92(1), 404–410.
Costa, J. H. C., Cantor, M. C., & Neave, H. W. (2021). Precision technologies for dairy calves and management applications. Journal of Dairy Science, 104(1), 1203–1219. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-17885
Costa, J. H. C., von Keyserlingk, M. A. G., & Weary, D. M. (2021). Benefits of colostrum management for dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 104(1), 505–515.
Currin, F. J., Bailey, T., & Bass, T. (1999). Developing vaccination programs for cattle in Virginia. Virginia Cooperative Extension.
Currin, J. F., Whittier, J. C., & Currin, N. (1999). Designing herd health programs. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 15(2), 231–245.
Davis, C. L., & Drackley, J. K. (1998). The development, nutrition, and management of the young calf. Iowa State University Press.
Day, M. L., & Anderson, L. H. (1998). Current concepts on the control of puberty in cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 76(Suppl. 3), 1–15.
Donovan, G. A., & Braun, R. K. (1987). Calf growth and management. Journal of Dairy Science, 70(2), 352–359.
Donovan, G. A., & Braun, R. K. (1987). Evaluation of dairy replacement-rearing programs. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian, 9(4), F133–F139.
Drackley, J. K. (2008). Calf nutrition from birth to breeding. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 24(1), 55–86.
Drillich, M., Beetz, O., Pfützner, A., Sabin, M., Sabin, H. J., Kutzer, P., Nattermann, H., & Heuwieser, W. (2006). Evaluation of a systemic antibiotic treatment of retained fetal membranes in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 89(2), 627–635.
Eadie, J. (2025). Technological components for calf management in small-scale dairy systems. Manual técnico de producción lechera.
Eadie, T. (2025). Smarter calf management: How precision tools are redefining dairy success. Dairy Producer.
Edmonson, A. J., Lean, I. J., Weaver, L. D., Farver, T., & Webster, G. (1989). A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 72(1), 68–78.
Ettema, J. F., & Santos, J. E. P. (2004). Impact of age at first calving on lactation, reproduction, health, and income in first-parity Holsteins on commercial farms. Journal of Dairy Science, 87(8), 2730–2742.
FAO. (2010). Análisis de sistemas integrados de agricultura y ganadería. Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura.
FAO. (2011). Guía de buenas prácticas de manejo y bienestar animal en explotaciones lecheras. Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura.
FAO. (2018). Dairy development and livestock systems. FAO Animal Production and Health Series.
FAO. (2019). Milk and dairy products in human nutrition. FAO.
Galaviz, R. J. R. (2005). Panorama y perspectivas de la producción ganadera en el estado de Tlaxcala. In Memoria del 1er. Foro de Experiencias en Investigación y Transferencia de Tecnología Agropecuaria y Forestal en el Estado de Tlaxcala 1999-2003 (pp. 218–225). INIFAP-Tlaxcala.
Galaviz, J. R. (2005). Manual práctico para la crianza de becerras en sistemas familiares. Universidad Autónoma Chapingo.
Galaviz, J. R., López, A., & Hernández, M. (2000). Manejo y crianza de becerras en sistemas de producción lechera familiar. Técnica Pecuaria en México, 38(2), 123–135.
Galaviz, R. J. R., González, O. A. T., Calderón, R. R. C., & Lagunes, L. J. (2000). Guía para la crianza de becerras en el sistema de lechería familiar (Folleto técnico No. 23).
Godden, S. (2008). Colostrum management for dairy calves. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 24(1), 19–39.
Grummer, R. R., Mashek, D. G., & Hayirli, A. (2004). Dry matter intake and energy balance in the transition period. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 20(3), 447–470.
Heinrichs, A. J., & Jones, C. M. (2016). Heifer rearing: A guide to successful dairy replacement management. Penn State Extension.
Heinrichs, A. J. (2005). Raising dairy replacements to meet the needs of the 21st century. Penn State Extension.
Herrero, M., Havlík, P., Valin, H., Notenbaert, A., Rufino, M. C., Thornton, P. K., Blümmel, M., Weiss, F., Grace, D., & Obersteiner, M. (2013). Biomass use, production, feed efficiencies, and greenhouse gas emissions from global livestock systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(52), 20888–20893. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1308149110
Herrero, M., Thornton, P. K., Notenbaert, A. M., Wood, S., Msangi, S., Freeman, H. A., Bossio, D., Dixon, J., Peters, M., van de Steeg, J., Lynam, J., Parthasarathy Rao, P., Macmillan, S., Gerard, B., McDermott, J., Seré, C., & Rosegrant, M. (2010). Smart investments in sustainable food production: Revisiting mixed crop-livestock systems. Science, 327(5967), 822–825. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1183725
INEGI. (2020). Censo Agropecuario 2019. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, México.
Khan, M. A., Weary, D. M., & von Keyserlingk, M. A. G. (2011). Effects of milk ration on solid feed intake, weaning, and performance in dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science, 94(2), 1071–1081.
Madalena, F. E. (2008). Dairy cattle genetic improvement in developing countries: Lessons from Brazil. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 20(12).
McDowell, R. E. (1985). Crossbreeding in tropical areas with emphasis on milk, health, and fitness. FAO Animal Production and Health Paper.
McGuirk, S. M., & Collins, M. (2004). Managing the production, storage, and delivery of colostrum. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 20(3), 593–603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2004.06.005
Mee, J. F. (2004). Managing the dairy cow at calving time. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 20(3), 521–546.
Mee, J. F. (2008). Managing the dairy cow at calving time. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 24(2), 295–311.
Mee, J. F. (2008). Prevalence and risk factors for dystocia in dairy cattle—a review. The Veterinary Journal, 176(1), 93–101.
Mee, J. F. (2012). Managing the dairy cow at calving time. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 28(3), 489–502.
Meijering, A. (1984). Dystocia and pelvic dimensions in cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Large Animal Practice, 6(2), 315–330.
Noakes, D. E., Parkinson, T. J., & England, G. C. W. (2019). Arthur’s veterinary reproduction and obstetrics (10th ed.). Elsevier.
NRC (National Research Council). (2001). Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle (7th rev. ed.). National Academies Press.
OIE. (2019). Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals. World Organisation for Animal Health.
Overton, T. R., & Waldron, M. R. (2004). Nutritional management of transition dairy cows: Strategies to optimize metabolic health. Journal of Dairy Science, 87(E. Suppl.), E105–E119.
Padula, A. M. (2005). The freemartin syndrome: An update. Animal Reproduction Science, 87(1–2), 93–109.
Quigley, J. D., & Drewry, J. J. (1998). Nutrient and immunity transfer from cow to calf. Journal of Dairy Science, 81(10), 2779–2790.
Quiroz, H., Figueroa, J., & Ibarra, F. (2011). Parasitología veterinaria. Editorial Limusa.
Radostits, O. M., Gay, C. C., Hinchcliff, K. W., & Constable, P. D. (2007). Veterinary medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats (10th ed.). Saunders Elsevier.
Robers, L., Jorritsma, R., Nielen, M., & Koets, A. (2021). A scoping review of on-farm colostrum management practices for optimal transfer of immunity in dairy calves. Veterinary Sciences, 8, Article 668639. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.668639
Robers, M. (2021). Principles of vaccination and immune response in cattle. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 234, 110–118.
Roberts, S. J. (1986). Veterinary obstetrics and genital diseases (Theriogenology). Edwards Brothers.
Roche, J. R., Friggens, N. C., Kay, J. K., Fisher, M. W., Stafford, K. J., & Berry, D. P. (2009). Body condition score and its association with dairy cow productivity, health, and welfare. Journal of Dairy Science, 92(12), 5769–5801.
Rosas, L. M., & Villasana, L. P. (2022). Adopción de tecnologías en sistemas de producción agroalimentario: Una revisión de literatura. RIVAR, 9(26).
Rosas, J., & Villasana, E. (2022). Crianza artificial de becerras y su impacto en la eficiencia productiva de sistemas lecheros familiares en México. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 13(2), 489–502.
Santiago Solano, A. D., Velázquez Contreras, L., Moreno Dena, J. M., & Salazar Solano, V. (2020). Innovación e integración productiva en un sistema bovino con doble propósito del noroeste de México. Región y Sociedad.
Santiago, A., López, J., Martínez, R., & Gómez, L. (2020). Integración agricultura–ganadería como estrategia para la sostenibilidad de sistemas productivos rurales. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 11(3), 745–758.
Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentación. (2002). Manual de organización de la comisión técnico-consultiva de coeficientes de agostadero. http://normateca.sagarpa.gob.mx/ArchivosNormateca/manual_3.pdf
SIAP. (2023). Producción pecuaria: Leche de bovino. Servicio de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera, Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, México.
Silva, F. G., Caseicao, C., & Silva, R. S. (2023). Literature review on technological applications to monitor and evaluate calves’ health and welfare. Animals, 13(7), 1148.
Silva, M. E., González, F., & Pérez, R. (2023). Manejo nutricional de vacas en preparto y su impacto en la salud metabólica. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 14(1), 112–125.
Soberon, F., Raffrenato, E., Everett, R. W., & Van Amburgh, M. E. (2012). Preweaning milk intake and effects on long-term productivity of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(2), 783–793.
Stafford, K. J., & Mellor, D. J. (2005). Dehorning and disbudding distress and its alleviation in calves. The Veterinary Journal, 169(3), 337–349.
Svensson, C., & Liberg, P. (2006). The effect of group size on health and growth rate of Swedish dairy calves housed in pens with automatic milk-feeders. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 73(1), 43–53.
Svensson, C., Lundborg, K., Emanuelson, U., & Olsson, S. O. (2003). Morbidity in Swedish dairy calves from birth to 90 days of age. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 58(3–4), 179–197.
Thornton, P. K. (2010). Livestock production: Recent trends, future prospects. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 365(1554), 2853–2867.
Thornton, P. K., & Herrero, M. (2015). Adapting to climate change in the mixed crop and livestock farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa. Nature Climate Change, 5, 830–836.
Tizard, I. R. (2020). Veterinary immunology (10th ed.). Elsevier.
Van Metre, D. C., Callan, R. J., & Garry, F. B. (2019). Health management of dairy calves. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 35(1), 1–20.
Van Metre, D. C., Galyean, M. L., & Branine, M. E. (2019). Veterinary medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats (11th ed.). Elsevier.
Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant (2nd ed.). Cornell University Press.
VanRaden, P. M. (2020). Genomic selection in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 103(1), 1–9.
Villagómez, A. E., & Fajardo, G. J. (1990). Comportamiento reproductivo de vacas cebú mantenidas en clima tropical. In T. M. Valdovinos, G. F. Cisneros, & L. H. Barradas (Eds.), X Simposium de Ganadería Tropical. Bovinos Productores de Carne (pp. 63–68). INIFAP, CIFAP-VER.
Villagómez, E., & Fajardo, R. (1990). Factores que afectan la pubertad en vaquillas en el trópico. Técnica Pecuaria en México, 28(3), 145–152.
Walstra, P., Wouters, J. T. M., & Geurts, T. J. (2006). Dairy science and technology. CRC Press.
Weaver, D. M., Tyler, J. W., VanMetre, D. C., Hostetler, D. E., & Barrington, G. M. (2000). Passive transfer of colostral immunoglobulins in calves. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 14(6), 569–577.
