THE ROLE OF PRIMARY CARE NURSES IN PROMOTING SEXUAL HEALTH AND PREVENTING UNPLANNED PREGNANCIES IN HOMELESS WOMEN: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the promotion of sexual health and the prevention of unplanned pregnancy among homeless women, focusing on the role of nurses in primary health care. The research was conducted through a literature review of national and international studies published in recent years that address the sexual health of homeless women and the role of nurses in sexual and reproductive health programs. Articles, books, and technical documents on public health policies, contraceptive methods, and educational interventions in contexts of social vulnerability were selected. The results of the review indicated that homeless women face significant difficulties in accessing health services, which exacerbates the incidence of unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The reviewed literature points out that the role of nurses, with an emphasis on health education and the provision of accessible contraceptive methods, has a positive impact on reducing risks for this population. Furthermore, it was identified that strategies for welcoming and raising awareness about reproductive rights are essential to promoting the sexual health of these women. The review also revealed that the use of long-acting contraceptive methods, such as the subdermal implant and the intrauterine device (IUD), shows positive results in preventing unplanned pregnancy, especially when combined with educational actions. However, the lack of resources and the difficulty in continuity of care are barriers that still need to be overcome to ensure the success of interventions. It is concluded that primary health care, with the active participation of nurses, is fundamental for the promotion of sexual health and the prevention of unplanned pregnancy in homeless women. The integration of educational actions, access to appropriate contraceptive methods, and the implementation of inclusive public policies are essential to reduce health inequalities in this population.