OBTENCIÓN DE ZEOLITA MIXTA A PARTIR DE RECURSOS NATURALES AMAZÓNICOS Y SU APLICACIÓN EN LA REMOCIÓN DE PLOMO DE MEDIOS ACUOSOS

Autores/as

  • Ygor Geann dos Santos Leite
  • Francisco Xavier Nobre
  • Paulo Rogério da Costa Couceiro
  • João Paulo Ferreira Rufino
  • Milena Gaion Malosso
  • Rosany Picolotto Carvalho

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov16n5-286

Palabras clave:

Zeolita, Analcima, Pitiglianita, Metales Pesados

Resumen

La búsqueda de enfoques sostenibles, en particular las rutas de síntesis que suelen implicar largos tiempos de reacción, altas temperaturas y reactivos derivados de fuentes no renovables como el petróleo, se ha explorado ampliamente en las últimas décadas. En consecuencia, los resultados obtenidos en este estudio demuestran que la extracción de sílice biogénica del Cauxi amazónico se logró con éxito, produciendo un material predominantemente amorfo con solo trazas de cuarzo cristalino. El análisis elemental por fluorescencia de rayos X indicó silicio como el componente mayoritario (82,43%), acompañado de cantidades menores de aluminio (7,17%), fósforo (0,76%), azufre (0,72%), potasio (0,34%), calcio (0,46%) y titanio (0,062%). La transformación de la caolinita en metacaolinita se logró mediante un tratamiento térmico a 700 °C durante 4 horas, confirmado tanto por difracción de rayos X como por espectroscopia infrarroja, revelando la pérdida de los planos cristalográficos característicos de la caolinita y la formación de un patrón estructural amorfo, con picos residuales de cuarzo y anatasa. La síntesis hidrotermal produjo una mezcla de zeolita multifásica, compuesta por analcima (cúbica, Ia-3d) y pitiglianoíta (hexagonal, P63), con tamaños de cristalito de 43 y 37 nm, respectivamente. La microscopía electrónica reveló microcristales esféricos y porosos correspondientes a la analcima, mientras que los cristales alargados con forma de bastón se atribuyeron a la pitiglianoíta. La composición elemental de la matriz, que contiene O, Na, Si y Al, confirmó la consistencia con la fórmula esperada. El análisis de porosidad mediante adsorción de N₂ indicó una estructura predominantemente mesoporosa, con un área superficial específica de 11,433 m² g⁻¹ (BET). Las pruebas de adsorción de Pb²⁺ demostraron una alta capacidad, alcanzando 77,23 mg g⁻¹, superando los valores reportados previamente en la literatura. Estos resultados indican que la combinación de sílice biogénica y fuentes alternativas de aluminio permite la producción de zeolitas multifásicas con propiedades fisicoquímicas mejoradas, lo que representa una estrategia prometedora para la remediación de metales pesados ​​en soluciones acuosas.

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Publicado

2025-12-18

Cómo citar

Leite, Y. G. dos S., Nobre, F. X., Couceiro, P. R. da C., Rufino, J. P. F., Malosso, M. G., & Carvalho, R. P. (2025). OBTENCIÓN DE ZEOLITA MIXTA A PARTIR DE RECURSOS NATURALES AMAZÓNICOS Y SU APLICACIÓN EN LA REMOCIÓN DE PLOMO DE MEDIOS ACUOSOS. Revista De Geopolítica, 16(5), e1157. https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov16n5-286