IMPACT OF OBESITY AND WEIGHT LOSS ON GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD): AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n4-016Keywords:
GERD, Obesity, Weight Loss, Pathophysiology, Esophagogastric JunctionAbstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the pathophysiological relationship between obesity and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), as well as the impact of weight loss on symptom resolution. The methodology consisted of an integrative literature review, based on scientific articles published between 2006 and 2024, indexed in databases such as PubMed, ACG Guidelines, and NEJM. Eight studies were selected that address the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and heartburn frequency, intra-abdominal pressure mechanisms, and the effectiveness of dietary and pharmacological interventions. The results indicate that excess weight is a determining risk factor for the development of GERD, increasing the likelihood of complications such as Barrett's esophagus. Strategies such as structured weight loss and the use of new anti-obesity drugs have proven effective in promoting the reduction of esophageal acid exposure and improving quality of life. It is concluded that weight management should be a central pillar in the treatment of GERD in overweight or obese patients. The study highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach to optimize symptom control and prevent disease progression.
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