O IMPACTO DA SOBRECARGA DE TRABALHO NA ENFERMAGEM E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS PARA O CUIDADO AO PACIENTE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n5-051Palavras-chave:
Sobrecarga de Trabalho, Burnout Ocupacional, Segurança do Paciente, Dimensionamento de Pessoal, Qualidade do CuidadoResumo
Esta revisão integrativa analisa o impacto da sobrecarga de trabalho e do burnout na enfermagem sobre a segurança do paciente e a qualidade assistencial. A escassez global de profissionais, aliada a ambientes estressantes, gera altas taxas de exaustão, que foram dramaticamente exacerbadas pela pandemia de COVID-19. O estudo demonstra de forma consistente que proporções inadequadas de pacientes por enfermeiro estão diretamente associadas ao aumento da mortalidade hospitalar, maiores taxas de readmissão e prolongamento do tempo de internação. Adicionalmente, o burnout na equipe correlaciona-se com um clima de segurança inferior e elevação de eventos adversos, englobando infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde, erros de administração de medicamentos e a omissão de cuidados essenciais de vigilância e higiene. Contrariando a percepção de alto custo, análises econômicas evidenciam que o investimento no dimensionamento adequado da equipe apresenta retorno positivo, pois os custos são compensados pela redução de complicações. Conclui-se que a sobrecarga deve ser abordada como um fenômeno organizacional sistêmico. A adoção de políticas de proporções mínimas seguras é custo-efetiva, essencial para mitigar riscos e fundamental para preservar vidas.
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