PHOTOBIOMODULATION IN THE HEALING OF POST-AMPUTATION ULCERS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is classified as a global health problem in the 21st century. It is a chronic, multifactorial syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from the absence or inability of insulin to exert its effects. Complications associated with DM are among the leading causes of death globally. OBJECTIVE: To describe the effect of laser photobiomodulation on the healing of minor post-amputation ulcers in patients with Diabetes Mellitus through an integrative review. METHODOLOGY: This study is an integrative review that led to a controlled clinical trial. The methodology explored qualitative data through a systematic search related to the use of laser in the healing of post-amputation ulcers in patients with DM. This study presented seven articles out of a total of 38 evaluated. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION - PBM (Photobiomodulation) is defined as the application of light, typically in the visible or near-infrared spectrum, to stimulate or inhibit cellular functions for beneficial effects such as pain relief, reduced inflammation, tissue regeneration, and wound healing. The seven clinical studies analyzed reported the action of PBM in the treatment of diabetic foot injuries, demonstrating favorable results, as it stimulates the proliferation of fibroblasts and dermal keratinocytes, vital for the cell proliferation phase of the healing process. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The study provides data demonstrating that laser photobiomodulation is effective, capable of reducing the lesion area and significantly accelerating the healing process in patients with DM. The effectiveness and responsiveness of this therapy were demonstrated by the studies analyzed. However, the absence of specific clinical trials using Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) in minor post-amputation injuries was identified, although there is vast literature on the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.