NEARSHORING Y MODERNIZACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA DE ADUANAS EN CADENAS LOGÍSTICAS INTERNACIONALES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov17n3-057Palabras clave:
Nearshoring, Facilitación del Comercio, Aduanas Digitales, Ventanilla Única, Gestión de RiesgosResumen
Se analiza el nexo entre nearshoring y modernización tecnológica aduanera en cadenas logísticas internacionales. Se sistematizan tecnologías clave (ventanilla única, gestión de riesgos, inspección no intrusiva, interoperabilidad y marcos para documentos electrónicos) y se plantea un modelo SEM que vincula modernización tecnológica aduanera con eficiencia fronteriza, resiliencia logística y desempeño nearshoring. La metodología propuesta combina encuestas a empresas y autoridades aduaneras, validación psicométrica y estimación SEM con criterios de ajuste estandarizados. Ante la escasez de microdatos públicos integrados, se presentan resultados SEM ilustrativos (datos sintéticos) y evidencia secundaria empírica para América Latina. Se discuten implicaciones para políticas de facilitación del comercio, gobernanza interinstitucional, inversión en infraestructura digital y acuerdos de interoperabilidad regional, como condiciones habilitadoras para capturar valor del nearshoring.
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