HÁBITO ALIMENTARIO DEL PIRACANJUBA BRYCON ORBIGNYANUS (VALENCIENNES, 1855), EN CULTIVO SEMI-INTENSIVO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov16n5-013Palabras clave:
Canibalismo, Characiformes Neotropicales, Cultivo Semi-intensivo, Ecología Trófica, Índice Intestinal, Ontogenia AlimentariaResumen
Comprender la dinámica y la plasticidad de la dieta de un pez durante sus primeras etapas de vida es crucial para comprender su ecología y permitir el desarrollo de protocolos de cultivo eficaces, esenciales para los programas de repoblación. Este estudio investigó los hábitos alimentarios de larvas de piracanjuba (Brycon orbignyanus) durante los primeros 32 días de vida en cultivo semi-intensivo. Mediante el análisis del contenido estomacal de muestras recolectadas a intervalos regulares, se identificó la transición ontogenética en su dieta: inicialmente carnívora (alimentada exclusivamente con larvas de curimba, Prochilodus lineatus, hasta el cuarto día para mitigar el canibalismo), evolucionando a un consumo predominante de crustáceos e insectos acuáticos, con una presencia constante de alimento a partir del séptimo día, lo que sugiere que la especie es generalista y oportunista. El índice intestinal promedio de 1,08, calculado para juveniles de 32 días, indicó un hábito omnívoro con una fuerte tendencia carnívora, lo que corrobora la plasticidad trófica de la especie. Se concluye que una estrategia de manejo que combine la fertilización (para la producción de alimento vivo) y el suministro de alimento es eficaz para satisfacer las necesidades nutricionales, reducir el canibalismo y optimizar la producción de juveniles, y es crucial para los programas de larvicultura y repoblación de esta especie.
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