COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE GRUPOS NA OCORRÊNCIA MENSAL DE PICADAS DE COBRA, MUNICIPIO DO RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL, 2008-2017
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/revgeov16n5-254Palavras-chave:
Teste U, Envenenamento, Doença Tropical Negligenciada, Antiveneno, Acidente BotrópicoResumo
Anualmente, 2,7 milhões sofrem picadas de cobra, causando até 138 mil mortes. OMS visa reduzir mortes e incapacidades em 50% até 2030. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar dados variáveis relacionadas com os casos de acidentes por serpentes ocorridos no município do Rio de Janeiro durante 2008-2017. Entre 2008 e 2017, o município do Rio de Janeiro registrou 495 picadas de cobra, sendo 89,1% causadas por serpentes do gênero Bothrops (B. jararaca e B. jararacuçu), cujo veneno tem ação proteolítica e hemorrágica. A metade dos casos foi leve (49,8%) e 86,7% receberam soro antibotrópico. Apenas 9,9% das vítimas foram atendidas na primeira hora e 42,4% até três horas, enquanto 15,7% tiveram atendimento após seis horas e 21,1% sem registro do tempo. A cura ocorreu em 89,5% dos casos. As picadas ocorreram principalmente na zona urbana (96,3%) e afetaram mais homens (68,1%) que mulheres (31,9%), predominando em adultos de 19 a 59 anos (média de 35 anos). Os membros inferiores foram os locais mais acometidos e 43,4% não tinham registro sobre ocupação. Manifestações locais, como dor, edema e eritema, foram as mais frequentes, enquanto as sistêmicas foram incomuns. O coagulograma mostrou alterações em 46,1% dos casos, e 20,9% das vítimas não realizaram o exame. Homens também tiveram maior taxa de internação (67,3%) e média de sete dias de permanência. O Hospital Municipal Lourenço Jorge concentrou 88,7% dos atendimentos, seguido pelo Hospital Pedro II (6,3%), ambos na Zona Oeste, região com maior número de ocorrências.
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